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SM ''U-14'' or ''U-XIV'' was a U-boat or submarine of the Austro-Hungarian Navy during the First World War. She was launched in 1912 as the French ''Curie'' (Q 87), but captured and rebuilt for service in the Austro-Hungarian Navy. At war's end, the submarine was returned to France and restored to her former name. ''Curie'' was launched in July 1912 at Toulon and completed in 1914. She measured just under long and displaced nearly on the surface and just over when submerged. At the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, ''Curie'' was assigned to duty in the Mediterranean. In mid-December, ''Curie''s commander conceived a plan to infiltrate the Austro-Hungarian Navy's main base at Pola, but during the 20 December attempt, the vessel became ensnared in harbor defenses. Two Austro-Hungarian ships sank ''Curie'', killing three of her crew; the remainder were taken prisoner. The Austro-Hungarian Navy, which had a small and largely obsolete U-boat fleet, immediately began salvage efforts and succeeded in raising the lightly damaged submarine in early February 1915. After a refit, the boat was commissioned as SM ''U-14'' in June, but had little success early in her career. When her commander fell ill in October, he was replaced by Georg Ritter von Trapp. ''U-14'' was damaged by a depth charge attack in February 1916, and underwent an extensive modernization through November. Resuming duty under von Trapp, ''U-14'' sank her first ship in April 1917, but had her most successful patrol in August, when she sank five ships—including , reportedly the largest cargo ship in the world—in a six-day span. In January 1918, von Trapp was replaced as commander, but neither of his two successors were able to match his accomplishments. In all, ''U-14'' sank 11 ships with a combined gross register tonnage of nearly 48,000 tons. Returned to France at the end of the war, she rejoined the French Navy in July 1919 under her former name of ''Curie''. She remained in service until 1928 and was scrapped in 1929. == Design and construction == ''Curie'' was a part of the 16-boat authorized under the 1906 program. The ''Brumaire''-class boats were diesel-powered versions of the steam-powered submarines (which had been authorized the year before), and, like the ''Pluviôse'' boats, were named after either months of the French Republican Calendar or scientists. ''Curie'' was named after Pierre and Marie Curie.〔 The ''Bruimaire''-class was designed by French naval designer Maxime Laubeuf and featured a double hull. The boats were long, abeam, with a draft of when surfaced. They had a displacement of surfaced and submerged. ''Curie'', like the other 15 submarines of the class, featured one bow torpedo tube and could carry as many as eight torpedoes. As built, ''Curie'' did not have a deck gun.〔 The ''Brumaire''-class featured twin propeller shafts driven by two French license-built MAN 6-cylinder diesel engines on the surface, or by two electric motors when submerged. ''Curie''s diesel engines generated a total of and could move the submarine at up to on the surface; her electric motors generated and could propel the boat up to submerged. While traveling on the surface at , ''Curie'' had a range of ; the submarine's range while submerged was at .〔 ''Curie'' was laid down at the Arsenal de Toulon and launched on 18 July 1912, completed by 1914, and commissioned into the French Navy.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「SM U-14 (Austria-Hungary)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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